Mapping Addresses (A and AAAA)
A records point a hostname directly to an IPv4 address (e.g. 192.0.2.1).
AAAA records point a hostname to an IPv6 address (e.g. 2001:db8::1).
Alias Links (CNAME)
CNAME (Canonical Name) records point a subdomain to another domain name instead of an IP. For example, pointing www.example.com to example.com. CNAMEs cannot coexist with other records for the same hostname (such as MX records on the root domain).
Email and Verification (MX and TXT)
MX (Mail Exchanger) records specify the mail servers responsible for receiving emails for the domain, along with priority weights.
TXT (Text) records hold arbitrary strings, used to verify domain ownership (Google Console, domain keys) and configure email security policies (SPF, DKIM).